Shigellosis: A conformity review of the microbiology, pathogenesis and epidemiology with consequence for prevention and management issues

Abstract

This paper has reviewed investigates that obtained from peer-reviewed literatures on Shigellosis. Foodborne diseases related to unhygienic food handling practices remain a major public health problem across the globe. The problem is rigorous in developing countries due to restrictions in securing most possible hygienic food handling practices. Data demonstrates that an estimated 75% of cases of diarrheal diseases are linked with the using up of foods contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Bacillary dysentery (Shigellosis) is a severe human disease caused by Shigellae. It is one of the major sources of diarrhoea in developing countries. The precise estimates of morbidity and mortality due to shigellosis are deficient, however it is widespread and has been reported to cause many outbreaks. The limited information available specifies Shigella to be a vital food borne pathogen in developing countries. In this Review, it is renowned that pathogenic Shigella is still public health problem. Therefore, a large amount of information has been generated concerning the host, pathogen and environmental factors that impact the pathogenesis of shigellosis at the cellular and molecular level and summarizes what is currently known about Shigella, elementing those features that contribute to pathogenesis and investigating the existing progress in the development of safe and low-cost multivalent vaccine. Thus this review is focused upon the epidemiology, disease burden and the therapeutic challenges of Shigellosis in developing countries perception. © 2018 Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. All rights reserved.